• What are the countries and capitals of Europe?
• Europe map
• List of countries and capitals of Europe
• Europe Regions
• Member countries of the European Union
• The most populous capitals in Europe
• The most spoken languages ​​in Europe

We explain what the countries and capitals of Europe are, what regions they make up and what countries are members of the European Union.

Europe covers only 2% of the earth's surface and is home to 10% of the world's population.

What are the countries and capitals of Europe?

of the six continents acquaintances, Europe It is the second smallest in terms of its territorial extension (barely 2% of the world's surface, about 10,530,751 km2) and the fourth most populous (around 10% of the population worldwide, about 446,940,060 inhabitants). Furthermore, it is a continent with numerous countries, which can range between 40 and 50 depending on the criteria taken into account.

The boundaries of Europe are determined by the ocean Arctic to the north, the Mediterranean Sea to the south, the Atlantic Ocean to the west and the Ural Mountains to the east, a natural mountainous border that separates it from Asia. In reality, Asia and Europe constitute the same continental bloc, often called Eurasia or the Eurasian supercontinent, since the division between one and the other is purely cultural and ethnic.

Europe is a key continent in the history of Western culture, especially in the Modern age, when the big monarchies European imperial powers extended their respective areas of influence to the rest of the world, through the conquest and colonization of the continents American Y Australian in its entirety, and the establishment of colonies in Asia and Africa. In this way, and also through the great world wars, the powers of Europe largely forged the contemporary world of the 20th and 21st centuries.

Europe map

List of countries and capitals of Europe

The number of countries in Europe can vary depending on the source, since in some cases more or less restrictive criteria are used to determine whether or not a country is within the European continent, since there are no significant natural barriers between Europe and the West. from Asia. However, a standard list of nations European can be the following:

Albanian flag.

Country: Albania (Republic of Albania)

Capital: Tirana

Total population: 3,038,594 inhabitants.

Official language: Albanian

Germany flag.

Country: Germany (Federal Republic of Germany)

Capital berlin

Total population: 80,722,792

Official language: German

Flag of Andorra.

Country: Andorra (Co-Principality of Andorra)

Capital: Andorra la Vella

Total population: 85,660 inhabitants.

Official language: Catalan

Armenian flag.

Country: Armenia (Republic of Armenia)

Capital: Yerevan

Total population: 3,229,900 inhabitants.

Official language: Armenian

Austrian flag.

Country: Austria (Republic of Austria)

Capital: Vienna

Total population: 8,711,770 inhabitants.

Official language: German

Azerbaijani flag.

Country: Azerbaijan (Republic of Azerbaijan)

Capital: Baku

Total population: 9,872,765 inhabitants.

Official language: Azeri

Belgium flag.

Country: Belgium (Kingdom of Belgium)

Capital: Brussels

Total population: 11,409,077 inhabitants.

Official language: Dutch, French, German and Walloon

Belarus flag.

Country: Belarus (Republic of Belarus)

Capital: Minsk

Total population: 9,570,376 inhabitants.

Official language: Belarusian and Russian.

Flag of Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Country: Bosnia and Herzegovina

Capital: Sarajevo

Total population: 3,861,912 inhabitants.

Official language: Bosnian, Croatian and Serbian

Bulgarian flag.

Country: Bulgaria (Republic of Bulgaria)

Capital: Sofia

Total population: 7,144,653 inhabitants.

Official language: Bulgarian

Cyprus flag.

Country: Cyprus (Republic of Cyprus)

Capital: Nicosia

Total population: 1,205,575 inhabitants.

Official language: Greek and Turkish

Croatia flag.

Country: Croatia (Republic of Croatia)

Capital: Zagreb

Total population: 4,313,707 inhabitants.

Official language: Croatian

Flag of Denmark.

Country: Denmark (Kingdom of Denmark)

Capital: Copenhagen

Total population: 5,593,785 inhabitants.

Official language: Danish

Slovakia flag.

Country: Slovakia (Slovak Republic)

Capital: Bratislava

Total population: 5,445,802 inhabitants.

Official language: Slovak

Slovenia flag.

Country: Slovenia (Republic of Slovenia)

Capital: Ljubljana

Total population: 1,978,029 inhabitants.

Official language: Slovenian

Spanish flag.

Country: Spain (Kingdom of Spain)

Capital: Madrid

Total population: 48,563,476 inhabitants.

Official language: Spanish

Estonian flag.

Country: Estonia (Republic of Estonia)

Capital: Tallinn

Total population: 1,258,545 inhabitants.

Official language: Estonian

Finland flag.

Country: Finland (Republic of Finland)

Capital: Helsinki

Total population: 5,948,211 inhabitants.

Official language: Finnish and Swedish

Flag of France.

Country: France (French Republic)

Capital: Paris

Total population: 66,836,154 inhabitants.

Official language: French

Georgian flag.

Country: Georgia

Capital: Tbilisi

Total population: 4,928,052 inhabitants.

Official language: Georgian

Greece flag.

Country: Greece (Republic of Greece)

Capital: Athens

Total population: 10,773,253 inhabitants.

Official language: Greek

Hungary flag.

Country: Hungary

Capital: Budapest

Total population: 9,874,784 inhabitants.

Official language: Hungarian

Irish flag.

Country: Ireland (Republic of Ireland)

Capital: Dublin

Total population: 4,952,473 inhabitants.

Official language: Irish and English

Iceland flag.

Country: Iceland (Republic of Iceland)

Capital: Reykjavik

Total population: 335,878 inhabitants.

Official language: Icelandic

Italian flag.

Country: Italy (Italian Republic)

Capital of Rome

Total population: 62,007,540 inhabitants.

Official language: Italian

Latvian flag.

Country: Latvia (Republic of Latvia)

Capital: Riga

Total population: 1,965,686 inhabitants.

Official language: Latvian

Liechtenstein flag.

Country: Liechtenstein (Principality of Liechtenstein)

Capital: Vaduz

Total population: 37,937 inhabitants.

Official language: German

Lithuanian flag.

Country: Lithuania (Republic of Lithuania)

Capital: Vilnius

Total population: 2,854,235 inhabitants.

Official language: Lithuanian

Luxembourg flag.

Country: Luxembourg (Grand Duchy of Luxembourg)

Capital: Luxembourg City

Total population: 582,291 inhabitants.

Official language: Luxembourgish, French and German

Flag of North Macedonia.

Country: North Macedonia (Republic of North Macedonia)

Capital: Skopje

Total population: 2,100,025 inhabitants.

Official language: Macedonian and Albanian

Maltese flag.

Country: Malta (Republic of Malta)

Capital: Valletta

Total population: 415,196 inhabitants.

Official language: Maltese and English

Moldova flag.

Country: Moldova (Republic of Moldova)

Capital: Chisinau

Total population: 3,510,485 inhabitants.

Official language: Romanian

Monaco flag.

Country: Monaco (Principality of Monaco)

Capital: City of Monaco

Total population: 30,581 inhabitants.

Official language: French

Montenegrin flag.

Country: Montenegrin

Capital: Podgorica

Total population: 644,578 inhabitants.

Official language: Montenegrin

Norwegian flag.

Country: Norway (Kingdom of Norway)

Capital: Oslo

Total population: 5,265,158 inhabitants.

Official language: Norwegian

Flag of the Netherlands.

Country: Netherlands (Kingdom of the Netherlands)

Capital: Amsterdam

Total population: 17,016,967 inhabitants.

Official language: Dutch

Poland flag.

Country: Poland (Republic of Poland)

Capital: Warsaw

Total population: 38,652,326 inhabitants.

Official language: Polish

Portugal's flag.

Country: Portugal (Portuguese Republic)

Capital: Lisbon

Total population: 10,833,816 inhabitants.

Official language: Portuguese

United kingdom flag.

Country: United Kingdom (United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland)

Capital: London

Total population: 64,430,428 inhabitants.

Official language: English

Czech Republic flag.

Country: Czech Republic

Capital: Prague

Total population: 10,644,842 inhabitants.

Official language: Czech

Romanian flag.

Country: Romania

Capital: Bucharest

Total population: 21,599,736 inhabitants.

Official language: Romanian

Russian flag.

Country: Russia (Russian Federation)

Capital: Moscow

Total population: 142,355,415 inhabitants.

Official language: Russian

San Marino flag.

Country: San Marino (Serene Republic of San Marino)

Capital: City of San Marino

Total population: 33,285 inhabitants.

Official language: Italian

Serbian flag.

Country: Serbia (Republic of Serbia)

Capital: Belgrade

Total population: 7,143,921 inhabitants.

Official language: Serbian

Sweden flag.

Country: Sweden (Kingdom of Sweden)

Capital: Stockholm

Total population: 9,880,604 inhabitants.

Official language: Swedish

flag of switzerland

Country: Switzerland (Swiss Confederation)

Capital: Bern

Total population: 8,179,284 inhabitants.

Official language: German, French, Italian and Romansh

Ukrainian flag.

Country: Ukraine

Capital: Kyiv

Total population: 44,209,733 inhabitants.

Official language: Ukrainian

Vatican flag.

Country: Vatican (Vatican City State)

Capital: Vatican City

Total population: 1000 inhabitants.

Official language: None

Europe Regions

The division into regions responds to geographic, ethnic, political and cultural criteria.

The European continent is organized into five major regions, according to criteria not only geographical, but also ethnic, political and cultural. These regions are:

• Western Europe. It corresponds to the area of ​​the countries with borders in the Atlantic Ocean and the North Sea, such as France, the United Kingdom, Spain or Portugal.
• Northern Europe.It corresponds to the area of ​​the countries that border the Baltic Sea or that are part of the Scandinavian region, such as Sweden, Norway, Denmark, Iceland or Finland.
• Central Europe. It corresponds to the area of ​​the countries in the middle region of the continent, such as Germany, Austria, Poland, Belgium or the Netherlands.
• South Europe. It corresponds to the area of ​​the countries with borders in the Mediterranean, such as Italy, Greece, Macedonia, Croatia or Cyprus.
• Eastern Europe. It corresponds to the area of ​​the countries closest to Asia or the Middle East, such as Ukraine, Russia, Romania or Bulgaria.

Member countries of the European Union

Not all the countries that are geographically in Europe are part of the European Union put into force in 1993. Only 27 nations make up this political bloc and economic, which means that they take certain measures together, agree to abide by certain common principles and use the same single currency, the euro (€).

The member countries of the European Union are:

• Germany
• Austria
• Belgium
• Bulgaria
• Czech Republic
• Cyprus
• Croatia
• Denmark
• Slovakia
• Slovenia
• Spain
• Estonia
• Finland
• France
• Greece
• Hungary
• Ireland
• Italy
• latvia
• Lithuania
• Luxembourg
• malt
• Netherlands
• Poland
• Portugal
• Romania
• Sweden

The most populous capitals in Europe

Moscow is the most populous capital in Europe.

The cities The capitals with the largest population on the European continent are:

• Moscow (Russia) with 12,480,070 inhabitants.
• London (United Kingdom) with 9,200,040 inhabitants.
• Berlin (Germany) with 3,755,505 inhabitants.
• Madrid (Spain) with 3,334,049 inhabitants.
• kyiv (Ukraine) with 2,815,951 inhabitants.
• Rome (Italy) with 2,777,979 inhabitants.

The most spoken languages ​​in Europe

The Languages with the largest number of speakers on the European continent are:

• Russian, with more than 100,000,000 speakers between Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, Moldova, Georgia and Romania.
• German, with almost 100,000,000 speakers in Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Luxembourg, Liechtenstein, Italy, Denmark, Belgium, France, Slovakia, Hungary, Ukraine, Poland and Romania.
• Italian, with around 65,000,000 speakers between Italy, Switzerland, San Marino, Vatican, Malta, Slovenia, Croatia and Romania.
• French, with around 60,000,000 speakers in France, Belgium, Switzerland, Luxembourg, Andorra, Croatia and Romania.
• Spanish, with around 48,000,000 speakers between Spain, Andorra and the United Kingdom.
• Polish, with around 44,000,000 speakers in Poland, Ukraine, the Czech Republic, Slovakia and Romania.
• Ukrainian, with around 36,000,000 speakers in Ukraine, Moldova, Croatia, Slovakia, Romania and Serbia.